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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Phylogeny and evolution of the family Megastigmidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)
 Böhmová, Julie ; Janšta, Petr (advisor) ; Opatová, Věra (referee)
The family Megastigmidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), one of the hymenopteran parasitoid families, is unique in containing many species with phytophagous larval feeding strategy. A number of species of different genera are seed-feeders and the genus Bortesia is even capable of inducing galls. The family Megastigmidae is found mainly in the Australian region but a few genera/species groups are widespread throughout different areas, mainly in the Oriental and the Holarctic region. The main goal of this study was to map phylogenetic relationships among genera and clarify the following: the overall number of transitions between a parasitoid and a phytophagous way of life, the ancestral feeding strategy of the family, the evolution of feeding strategies in the genus Megastigmus, and the geographical area of origin of the family. The questions were tested based on a phylogeny reconstructed by a state-of-the-art method - sequencing of "Ultra-Conserved Elements (UCEs)" - using 100 specimens of Megastigmidae from 11 out of 12 currently valid genera selected taking into consideration their feeding strategy and biogeographical origin. The final dataset contains 1210 loci (570,000 base pairs in length) and most nodes are supported by bootstrap value 100. The results show that the family can be divided into 3...
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Phytophagy as an alternative feeding strategy of parasitic Hymenoptera larvae
 Böhmová, Julie ; Janšta, Petr (advisor) ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (referee)
Parasitoidism is considered to be the primary larval feeding strategy of parasitic Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera: Apocrita: Parasitoida). However, many species became secondarily phytophagous, in particular some species of Ichneumonoidea, Cynipoidea and Chalcidoidea. The bachelor thesis summarizes the knowledge about phytophagy in these superfamilies and divides them into four categories. The thesis further evaluates morphological and behavioural adaptations related to this way of life as well as other aspects of their coevolution with host plants.
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